Introduction to Parts of Speech (Parts of Speech পরিচিতি)

Definition (English)
• Parts of Speech are the different classes of words.
• These classes show how words function in a sentence.

সংজ্ঞা (Bangla)
• Parts of Speech হলো শব্দের শ্রেণিবিভাগ।
• Sentence-এ শব্দ যে কাজ করে, তার ভিত্তিতেই এই শ্রেণি নির্ধারিত হয়।

সহজভাবে বললে—
word sentence-এ কী কাজ করছে, সেটাই তার Parts of Speech।

Kinds of Parts of Speech (প্রকারভেদ)
• Noun
• Pronoun
• Adjective
• Verb
• Adverb
• Preposition
• Conjunction
• Interjection

Noun (বিশেষ্য)
• A noun is the name of a person, place, thing, or idea
• Noun মানে নাম

Examples:
• Rahim is a boy.
• Dhaka is a large city.
• This book is interesting.
• Honesty is a great quality.
 

Pronoun (সর্বনাম)
• A pronoun is used in place of a noun
• Pronoun noun-এর পরিবর্তে বসে

Examples:
• Rahim is my friend. He is kind.
• The pen is mine. It is blue.
• The students are ready. They are happy.

Adjective (বিশেষণ)
• An adjective describes a noun
• Adjective noun-এর গুণ বা অবস্থা বোঝায়

Examples:
• She is a good girl.
• I have two sisters.
• This is a beautiful place.
• He bought a new bag.

Verb (ক্রিয়া)
• A verb shows action or state
• Verb কাজ বা অবস্থা বোঝায়

Examples:
• He runs fast.
• She writes well.
• They play outside.
• He is honest.
• She seems upset.

Adverb (ক্রিয়া-বিশেষণ)
• An adverb tells how, when, where, or how often
• Adverb verb, adjective বা adverb-কে modify করে

Examples:
• He runs quickly.
• She speaks very softly.
• The train arrived late.
• He is extremely careful.

Preposition (সম্বন্ধবাচক অব্যয়)
• A preposition shows relation
• Preposition noun বা pronoun-এর আগে বসে

Examples:
• The book is on the table.
• He lives in the village.
• She sat beside me.
• The ball rolled under the chair.

Conjunction (সংযোজক অব্যয়)
• A conjunction joins words, phrases, or clauses
• Conjunction যুক্ত করে

Examples:
• He is poor but honest.
• I came and I stayed.
• She did not go because it rained.

Interjection (আবেগসূচক অব্যয়)
• An interjection expresses sudden feeling
• Interjection-এর পরে (!) বসে

Examples:
• Oh! What a view!
• Alas! The man is dead.
• Hurrah! We won the match.

Mixed Examples (Sentence Analysis)
• The happy (adjective) boy (noun) runs (verb) fast (adverb).
• She (pronoun) sat on (preposition) the chair and (conjunction) smiled.

Parts of Speech Rhyme 

Every name is called a noun,
Road and river, star and moon.
For the noun, pronouns stand,
I and you go hand in hand.

Adjectives tell what kind or how,
Bright red rose or gentle cow.
Verbs show action, state, or be,
Run and think and is and see.

Adverbs tell us how or when,
Slowly now or fast again.
Prepositions show place or side,
In the house or far and wide.

Conjunctions join both word and phrase,
And or but in many ways.
Interjections speak out loud,
Oh! Alas! Joy strong and proud!